573 lines
24 KiB
Python
573 lines
24 KiB
Python
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#
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# Copyright 2009 Facebook
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
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# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain
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# a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT
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# WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the
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# License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations
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# under the License.
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"""Non-blocking HTTP client implementation using pycurl."""
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import collections
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import functools
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import logging
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import pycurl # type: ignore
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import threading
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import time
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from io import BytesIO
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from tornado import httputil
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from tornado import ioloop
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from tornado.escape import utf8, native_str
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from tornado.httpclient import (
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HTTPRequest,
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HTTPResponse,
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HTTPError,
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AsyncHTTPClient,
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main,
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)
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from tornado.log import app_log
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from typing import Dict, Any, Callable, Union
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import typing
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if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
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from typing import Deque, Tuple, Optional # noqa: F401
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curl_log = logging.getLogger("tornado.curl_httpclient")
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class CurlAsyncHTTPClient(AsyncHTTPClient):
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def initialize( # type: ignore
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self, max_clients: int = 10, defaults: Dict[str, Any] = None
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) -> None:
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super(CurlAsyncHTTPClient, self).initialize(defaults=defaults)
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self._multi = pycurl.CurlMulti()
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self._multi.setopt(pycurl.M_TIMERFUNCTION, self._set_timeout)
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self._multi.setopt(pycurl.M_SOCKETFUNCTION, self._handle_socket)
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self._curls = [self._curl_create() for i in range(max_clients)]
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self._free_list = self._curls[:]
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self._requests = (
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collections.deque()
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) # type: Deque[Tuple[HTTPRequest, Callable[[HTTPResponse], None], float]]
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self._fds = {} # type: Dict[int, int]
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self._timeout = None # type: Optional[object]
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# libcurl has bugs that sometimes cause it to not report all
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# relevant file descriptors and timeouts to TIMERFUNCTION/
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# SOCKETFUNCTION. Mitigate the effects of such bugs by
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# forcing a periodic scan of all active requests.
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self._force_timeout_callback = ioloop.PeriodicCallback(
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self._handle_force_timeout, 1000
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)
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self._force_timeout_callback.start()
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# Work around a bug in libcurl 7.29.0: Some fields in the curl
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# multi object are initialized lazily, and its destructor will
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# segfault if it is destroyed without having been used. Add
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# and remove a dummy handle to make sure everything is
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# initialized.
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dummy_curl_handle = pycurl.Curl()
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self._multi.add_handle(dummy_curl_handle)
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self._multi.remove_handle(dummy_curl_handle)
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def close(self) -> None:
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self._force_timeout_callback.stop()
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if self._timeout is not None:
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self.io_loop.remove_timeout(self._timeout)
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for curl in self._curls:
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curl.close()
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self._multi.close()
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super(CurlAsyncHTTPClient, self).close()
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# Set below properties to None to reduce the reference count of current
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# instance, because those properties hold some methods of current
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# instance that will case circular reference.
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self._force_timeout_callback = None # type: ignore
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self._multi = None
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def fetch_impl(
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self, request: HTTPRequest, callback: Callable[[HTTPResponse], None]
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) -> None:
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self._requests.append((request, callback, self.io_loop.time()))
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self._process_queue()
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self._set_timeout(0)
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def _handle_socket(self, event: int, fd: int, multi: Any, data: bytes) -> None:
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"""Called by libcurl when it wants to change the file descriptors
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it cares about.
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"""
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event_map = {
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pycurl.POLL_NONE: ioloop.IOLoop.NONE,
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pycurl.POLL_IN: ioloop.IOLoop.READ,
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pycurl.POLL_OUT: ioloop.IOLoop.WRITE,
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pycurl.POLL_INOUT: ioloop.IOLoop.READ | ioloop.IOLoop.WRITE,
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}
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if event == pycurl.POLL_REMOVE:
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if fd in self._fds:
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self.io_loop.remove_handler(fd)
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del self._fds[fd]
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else:
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ioloop_event = event_map[event]
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# libcurl sometimes closes a socket and then opens a new
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# one using the same FD without giving us a POLL_NONE in
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# between. This is a problem with the epoll IOLoop,
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# because the kernel can tell when a socket is closed and
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# removes it from the epoll automatically, causing future
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# update_handler calls to fail. Since we can't tell when
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# this has happened, always use remove and re-add
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# instead of update.
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if fd in self._fds:
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self.io_loop.remove_handler(fd)
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self.io_loop.add_handler(fd, self._handle_events, ioloop_event)
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self._fds[fd] = ioloop_event
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def _set_timeout(self, msecs: int) -> None:
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"""Called by libcurl to schedule a timeout."""
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if self._timeout is not None:
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self.io_loop.remove_timeout(self._timeout)
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self._timeout = self.io_loop.add_timeout(
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self.io_loop.time() + msecs / 1000.0, self._handle_timeout
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)
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def _handle_events(self, fd: int, events: int) -> None:
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"""Called by IOLoop when there is activity on one of our
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file descriptors.
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"""
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action = 0
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if events & ioloop.IOLoop.READ:
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action |= pycurl.CSELECT_IN
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if events & ioloop.IOLoop.WRITE:
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action |= pycurl.CSELECT_OUT
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while True:
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try:
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ret, num_handles = self._multi.socket_action(fd, action)
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except pycurl.error as e:
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ret = e.args[0]
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if ret != pycurl.E_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM:
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break
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self._finish_pending_requests()
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def _handle_timeout(self) -> None:
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"""Called by IOLoop when the requested timeout has passed."""
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self._timeout = None
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while True:
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try:
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ret, num_handles = self._multi.socket_action(pycurl.SOCKET_TIMEOUT, 0)
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except pycurl.error as e:
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ret = e.args[0]
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if ret != pycurl.E_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM:
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break
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self._finish_pending_requests()
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# In theory, we shouldn't have to do this because curl will
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# call _set_timeout whenever the timeout changes. However,
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# sometimes after _handle_timeout we will need to reschedule
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# immediately even though nothing has changed from curl's
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# perspective. This is because when socket_action is
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# called with SOCKET_TIMEOUT, libcurl decides internally which
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# timeouts need to be processed by using a monotonic clock
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# (where available) while tornado uses python's time.time()
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# to decide when timeouts have occurred. When those clocks
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# disagree on elapsed time (as they will whenever there is an
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# NTP adjustment), tornado might call _handle_timeout before
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# libcurl is ready. After each timeout, resync the scheduled
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# timeout with libcurl's current state.
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new_timeout = self._multi.timeout()
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if new_timeout >= 0:
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self._set_timeout(new_timeout)
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def _handle_force_timeout(self) -> None:
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"""Called by IOLoop periodically to ask libcurl to process any
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events it may have forgotten about.
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"""
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while True:
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try:
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ret, num_handles = self._multi.socket_all()
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except pycurl.error as e:
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ret = e.args[0]
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if ret != pycurl.E_CALL_MULTI_PERFORM:
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break
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self._finish_pending_requests()
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def _finish_pending_requests(self) -> None:
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"""Process any requests that were completed by the last
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call to multi.socket_action.
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"""
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while True:
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num_q, ok_list, err_list = self._multi.info_read()
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for curl in ok_list:
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self._finish(curl)
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for curl, errnum, errmsg in err_list:
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self._finish(curl, errnum, errmsg)
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if num_q == 0:
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break
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self._process_queue()
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def _process_queue(self) -> None:
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while True:
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started = 0
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while self._free_list and self._requests:
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started += 1
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curl = self._free_list.pop()
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(request, callback, queue_start_time) = self._requests.popleft()
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curl.info = {
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"headers": httputil.HTTPHeaders(),
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"buffer": BytesIO(),
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"request": request,
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"callback": callback,
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"queue_start_time": queue_start_time,
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"curl_start_time": time.time(),
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"curl_start_ioloop_time": self.io_loop.current().time(),
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}
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try:
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self._curl_setup_request(
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curl, request, curl.info["buffer"], curl.info["headers"]
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)
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except Exception as e:
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# If there was an error in setup, pass it on
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# to the callback. Note that allowing the
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# error to escape here will appear to work
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# most of the time since we are still in the
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# caller's original stack frame, but when
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# _process_queue() is called from
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# _finish_pending_requests the exceptions have
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# nowhere to go.
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self._free_list.append(curl)
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callback(HTTPResponse(request=request, code=599, error=e))
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else:
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self._multi.add_handle(curl)
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if not started:
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break
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def _finish(
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self, curl: pycurl.Curl, curl_error: int = None, curl_message: str = None
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) -> None:
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info = curl.info
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curl.info = None
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self._multi.remove_handle(curl)
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self._free_list.append(curl)
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buffer = info["buffer"]
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if curl_error:
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assert curl_message is not None
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error = CurlError(curl_error, curl_message) # type: Optional[CurlError]
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assert error is not None
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code = error.code
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effective_url = None
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buffer.close()
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buffer = None
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else:
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error = None
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code = curl.getinfo(pycurl.HTTP_CODE)
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effective_url = curl.getinfo(pycurl.EFFECTIVE_URL)
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buffer.seek(0)
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# the various curl timings are documented at
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# http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_getinfo.html
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time_info = dict(
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queue=info["curl_start_ioloop_time"] - info["queue_start_time"],
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namelookup=curl.getinfo(pycurl.NAMELOOKUP_TIME),
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connect=curl.getinfo(pycurl.CONNECT_TIME),
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appconnect=curl.getinfo(pycurl.APPCONNECT_TIME),
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pretransfer=curl.getinfo(pycurl.PRETRANSFER_TIME),
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starttransfer=curl.getinfo(pycurl.STARTTRANSFER_TIME),
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total=curl.getinfo(pycurl.TOTAL_TIME),
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redirect=curl.getinfo(pycurl.REDIRECT_TIME),
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)
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try:
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info["callback"](
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HTTPResponse(
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request=info["request"],
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code=code,
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headers=info["headers"],
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buffer=buffer,
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effective_url=effective_url,
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error=error,
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reason=info["headers"].get("X-Http-Reason", None),
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request_time=self.io_loop.time() - info["curl_start_ioloop_time"],
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start_time=info["curl_start_time"],
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time_info=time_info,
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)
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)
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except Exception:
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self.handle_callback_exception(info["callback"])
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def handle_callback_exception(self, callback: Any) -> None:
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app_log.error("Exception in callback %r", callback, exc_info=True)
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def _curl_create(self) -> pycurl.Curl:
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curl = pycurl.Curl()
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if curl_log.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
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curl.setopt(pycurl.VERBOSE, 1)
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curl.setopt(pycurl.DEBUGFUNCTION, self._curl_debug)
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if hasattr(
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pycurl, "PROTOCOLS"
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): # PROTOCOLS first appeared in pycurl 7.19.5 (2014-07-12)
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curl.setopt(pycurl.PROTOCOLS, pycurl.PROTO_HTTP | pycurl.PROTO_HTTPS)
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curl.setopt(pycurl.REDIR_PROTOCOLS, pycurl.PROTO_HTTP | pycurl.PROTO_HTTPS)
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return curl
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def _curl_setup_request(
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self,
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curl: pycurl.Curl,
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request: HTTPRequest,
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buffer: BytesIO,
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headers: httputil.HTTPHeaders,
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) -> None:
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curl.setopt(pycurl.URL, native_str(request.url))
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# libcurl's magic "Expect: 100-continue" behavior causes delays
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# with servers that don't support it (which include, among others,
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# Google's OpenID endpoint). Additionally, this behavior has
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# a bug in conjunction with the curl_multi_socket_action API
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# (https://sourceforge.net/tracker/?func=detail&atid=100976&aid=3039744&group_id=976),
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# which increases the delays. It's more trouble than it's worth,
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# so just turn off the feature (yes, setting Expect: to an empty
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# value is the official way to disable this)
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if "Expect" not in request.headers:
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request.headers["Expect"] = ""
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# libcurl adds Pragma: no-cache by default; disable that too
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if "Pragma" not in request.headers:
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request.headers["Pragma"] = ""
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curl.setopt(
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pycurl.HTTPHEADER,
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[
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"%s: %s" % (native_str(k), native_str(v))
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for k, v in request.headers.get_all()
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],
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)
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curl.setopt(
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pycurl.HEADERFUNCTION,
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functools.partial(
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self._curl_header_callback, headers, request.header_callback
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),
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)
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if request.streaming_callback:
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|
|
def write_function(b: Union[bytes, bytearray]) -> int:
|
||
|
|
assert request.streaming_callback is not None
|
||
|
|
self.io_loop.add_callback(request.streaming_callback, b)
|
||
|
|
return len(b)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
write_function = buffer.write
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.WRITEFUNCTION, write_function)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.FOLLOWLOCATION, request.follow_redirects)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.MAXREDIRS, request.max_redirects)
|
||
|
|
assert request.connect_timeout is not None
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.CONNECTTIMEOUT_MS, int(1000 * request.connect_timeout))
|
||
|
|
assert request.request_timeout is not None
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.TIMEOUT_MS, int(1000 * request.request_timeout))
|
||
|
|
if request.user_agent:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.USERAGENT, native_str(request.user_agent))
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.USERAGENT, "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; pycurl)")
|
||
|
|
if request.network_interface:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.INTERFACE, request.network_interface)
|
||
|
|
if request.decompress_response:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.ENCODING, "gzip,deflate")
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.ENCODING, "none")
|
||
|
|
if request.proxy_host and request.proxy_port:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXY, request.proxy_host)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXYPORT, request.proxy_port)
|
||
|
|
if request.proxy_username:
|
||
|
|
assert request.proxy_password is not None
|
||
|
|
credentials = httputil.encode_username_password(
|
||
|
|
request.proxy_username, request.proxy_password
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXYUSERPWD, credentials)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.proxy_auth_mode is None or request.proxy_auth_mode == "basic":
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXYAUTH, pycurl.HTTPAUTH_BASIC)
|
||
|
|
elif request.proxy_auth_mode == "digest":
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXYAUTH, pycurl.HTTPAUTH_DIGEST)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
||
|
|
"Unsupported proxy_auth_mode %s" % request.proxy_auth_mode
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.PROXY, "")
|
||
|
|
curl.unsetopt(pycurl.PROXYUSERPWD)
|
||
|
|
if request.validate_cert:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 1)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 2)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0)
|
||
|
|
if request.ca_certs is not None:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.CAINFO, request.ca_certs)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
# There is no way to restore pycurl.CAINFO to its default value
|
||
|
|
# (Using unsetopt makes it reject all certificates).
|
||
|
|
# I don't see any way to read the default value from python so it
|
||
|
|
# can be restored later. We'll have to just leave CAINFO untouched
|
||
|
|
# if no ca_certs file was specified, and require that if any
|
||
|
|
# request uses a custom ca_certs file, they all must.
|
||
|
|
pass
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.allow_ipv6 is False:
|
||
|
|
# Curl behaves reasonably when DNS resolution gives an ipv6 address
|
||
|
|
# that we can't reach, so allow ipv6 unless the user asks to disable.
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.IPRESOLVE, pycurl.IPRESOLVE_V4)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.IPRESOLVE, pycurl.IPRESOLVE_WHATEVER)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Set the request method through curl's irritating interface which makes
|
||
|
|
# up names for almost every single method
|
||
|
|
curl_options = {
|
||
|
|
"GET": pycurl.HTTPGET,
|
||
|
|
"POST": pycurl.POST,
|
||
|
|
"PUT": pycurl.UPLOAD,
|
||
|
|
"HEAD": pycurl.NOBODY,
|
||
|
|
}
|
||
|
|
custom_methods = set(["DELETE", "OPTIONS", "PATCH"])
|
||
|
|
for o in curl_options.values():
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(o, False)
|
||
|
|
if request.method in curl_options:
|
||
|
|
curl.unsetopt(pycurl.CUSTOMREQUEST)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(curl_options[request.method], True)
|
||
|
|
elif request.allow_nonstandard_methods or request.method in custom_methods:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.CUSTOMREQUEST, request.method)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise KeyError("unknown method " + request.method)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
body_expected = request.method in ("POST", "PATCH", "PUT")
|
||
|
|
body_present = request.body is not None
|
||
|
|
if not request.allow_nonstandard_methods:
|
||
|
|
# Some HTTP methods nearly always have bodies while others
|
||
|
|
# almost never do. Fail in this case unless the user has
|
||
|
|
# opted out of sanity checks with allow_nonstandard_methods.
|
||
|
|
if (body_expected and not body_present) or (
|
||
|
|
body_present and not body_expected
|
||
|
|
):
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError(
|
||
|
|
"Body must %sbe None for method %s (unless "
|
||
|
|
"allow_nonstandard_methods is true)"
|
||
|
|
% ("not " if body_expected else "", request.method)
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if body_expected or body_present:
|
||
|
|
if request.method == "GET":
|
||
|
|
# Even with `allow_nonstandard_methods` we disallow
|
||
|
|
# GET with a body (because libcurl doesn't allow it
|
||
|
|
# unless we use CUSTOMREQUEST). While the spec doesn't
|
||
|
|
# forbid clients from sending a body, it arguably
|
||
|
|
# disallows the server from doing anything with them.
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Body must be None for GET request")
|
||
|
|
request_buffer = BytesIO(utf8(request.body or ""))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def ioctl(cmd: int) -> None:
|
||
|
|
if cmd == curl.IOCMD_RESTARTREAD:
|
||
|
|
request_buffer.seek(0)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.READFUNCTION, request_buffer.read)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.IOCTLFUNCTION, ioctl)
|
||
|
|
if request.method == "POST":
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.POSTFIELDSIZE, len(request.body or ""))
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.UPLOAD, True)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.INFILESIZE, len(request.body or ""))
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.auth_username is not None:
|
||
|
|
assert request.auth_password is not None
|
||
|
|
if request.auth_mode is None or request.auth_mode == "basic":
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPAUTH, pycurl.HTTPAUTH_BASIC)
|
||
|
|
elif request.auth_mode == "digest":
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.HTTPAUTH, pycurl.HTTPAUTH_DIGEST)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("Unsupported auth_mode %s" % request.auth_mode)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
userpwd = httputil.encode_username_password(
|
||
|
|
request.auth_username, request.auth_password
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.USERPWD, userpwd)
|
||
|
|
curl_log.debug(
|
||
|
|
"%s %s (username: %r)",
|
||
|
|
request.method,
|
||
|
|
request.url,
|
||
|
|
request.auth_username,
|
||
|
|
)
|
||
|
|
else:
|
||
|
|
curl.unsetopt(pycurl.USERPWD)
|
||
|
|
curl_log.debug("%s %s", request.method, request.url)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.client_cert is not None:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLCERT, request.client_cert)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.client_key is not None:
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.SSLKEY, request.client_key)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if request.ssl_options is not None:
|
||
|
|
raise ValueError("ssl_options not supported in curl_httpclient")
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if threading.active_count() > 1:
|
||
|
|
# libcurl/pycurl is not thread-safe by default. When multiple threads
|
||
|
|
# are used, signals should be disabled. This has the side effect
|
||
|
|
# of disabling DNS timeouts in some environments (when libcurl is
|
||
|
|
# not linked against ares), so we don't do it when there is only one
|
||
|
|
# thread. Applications that use many short-lived threads may need
|
||
|
|
# to set NOSIGNAL manually in a prepare_curl_callback since
|
||
|
|
# there may not be any other threads running at the time we call
|
||
|
|
# threading.activeCount.
|
||
|
|
curl.setopt(pycurl.NOSIGNAL, 1)
|
||
|
|
if request.prepare_curl_callback is not None:
|
||
|
|
request.prepare_curl_callback(curl)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _curl_header_callback(
|
||
|
|
self,
|
||
|
|
headers: httputil.HTTPHeaders,
|
||
|
|
header_callback: Callable[[str], None],
|
||
|
|
header_line_bytes: bytes,
|
||
|
|
) -> None:
|
||
|
|
header_line = native_str(header_line_bytes.decode("latin1"))
|
||
|
|
if header_callback is not None:
|
||
|
|
self.io_loop.add_callback(header_callback, header_line)
|
||
|
|
# header_line as returned by curl includes the end-of-line characters.
|
||
|
|
# whitespace at the start should be preserved to allow multi-line headers
|
||
|
|
header_line = header_line.rstrip()
|
||
|
|
if header_line.startswith("HTTP/"):
|
||
|
|
headers.clear()
|
||
|
|
try:
|
||
|
|
(__, __, reason) = httputil.parse_response_start_line(header_line)
|
||
|
|
header_line = "X-Http-Reason: %s" % reason
|
||
|
|
except httputil.HTTPInputError:
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
if not header_line:
|
||
|
|
return
|
||
|
|
headers.parse_line(header_line)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
def _curl_debug(self, debug_type: int, debug_msg: str) -> None:
|
||
|
|
debug_types = ("I", "<", ">", "<", ">")
|
||
|
|
if debug_type == 0:
|
||
|
|
debug_msg = native_str(debug_msg)
|
||
|
|
curl_log.debug("%s", debug_msg.strip())
|
||
|
|
elif debug_type in (1, 2):
|
||
|
|
debug_msg = native_str(debug_msg)
|
||
|
|
for line in debug_msg.splitlines():
|
||
|
|
curl_log.debug("%s %s", debug_types[debug_type], line)
|
||
|
|
elif debug_type == 4:
|
||
|
|
curl_log.debug("%s %r", debug_types[debug_type], debug_msg)
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
class CurlError(HTTPError):
|
||
|
|
def __init__(self, errno: int, message: str) -> None:
|
||
|
|
HTTPError.__init__(self, 599, message)
|
||
|
|
self.errno = errno
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
if __name__ == "__main__":
|
||
|
|
AsyncHTTPClient.configure(CurlAsyncHTTPClient)
|
||
|
|
main()
|