# coding: utf-8 """Python bindings for 0MQ.""" # Copyright (C) PyZMQ Developers # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. import atexit import os from threading import Lock import weakref # direct reference limits garbage collection issues # during process teardown weak_ref = weakref.ref from zmq.backend import Context as ContextBase from . import constants from .attrsettr import AttributeSetter from .constants import ENOTSUP, LINGER, ctx_opt_names from .socket import Socket from zmq.error import ZMQError # notice when exiting, to avoid triggering term on exit _exiting = False def _notice_atexit(): global _exiting _exiting = True atexit.register(_notice_atexit) class Context(ContextBase, AttributeSetter): """Create a zmq Context A zmq Context creates sockets via its ``ctx.socket`` method. """ sockopts = None _instance = None _instance_lock = Lock() _instance_pid = None _shadow = False _sockets = None def __init__(self, io_threads=1, **kwargs): super(Context, self).__init__(io_threads=io_threads, **kwargs) if kwargs.get('shadow', False): self._shadow = True else: self._shadow = False self.sockopts = {} self._sockets = set() def __del__(self): """deleting a Context should terminate it, without trying non-threadsafe destroy""" if not self._shadow and not _exiting: self.term() def __enter__(self): return self def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs): self.term() def __copy__(self, memo=None): """Copying a Context creates a shadow copy""" return self.__class__.shadow(self.underlying) __deepcopy__ = __copy__ @classmethod def shadow(cls, address): """Shadow an existing libzmq context address is the integer address of the libzmq context or an FFI pointer to it. .. versionadded:: 14.1 """ from zmq.utils.interop import cast_int_addr address = cast_int_addr(address) return cls(shadow=address) @classmethod def shadow_pyczmq(cls, ctx): """Shadow an existing pyczmq context ctx is the FFI `zctx_t *` pointer .. versionadded:: 14.1 """ from pyczmq import zctx from zmq.utils.interop import cast_int_addr underlying = zctx.underlying(ctx) address = cast_int_addr(underlying) return cls(shadow=address) # static method copied from tornado IOLoop.instance @classmethod def instance(cls, io_threads=1): """Returns a global Context instance. Most single-threaded applications have a single, global Context. Use this method instead of passing around Context instances throughout your code. A common pattern for classes that depend on Contexts is to use a default argument to enable programs with multiple Contexts but not require the argument for simpler applications:: class MyClass(object): def __init__(self, context=None): self.context = context or Context.instance() .. versionchanged:: 18.1 When called in a subprocess after forking, a new global instance is created instead of inheriting a Context that won't work from the parent process. """ if ( cls._instance is None or cls._instance_pid != os.getpid() or cls._instance.closed ): with cls._instance_lock: if ( cls._instance is None or cls._instance_pid != os.getpid() or cls._instance.closed ): cls._instance = cls(io_threads=io_threads) cls._instance_pid = os.getpid() return cls._instance #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Hooks for ctxopt completion #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def __dir__(self): keys = dir(self.__class__) for collection in ( ctx_opt_names, ): keys.extend(collection) return keys #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Creating Sockets #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def _add_socket(self, socket): ref = weak_ref(socket) self._sockets.add(ref) return ref def _rm_socket(self, socket): if not self._sockets or not weak_ref: # weakref.ref itself might have been garbage collected # during process teardown! return ref = weak_ref(socket) if self._sockets and ref in self._sockets: self._sockets.remove(ref) def destroy(self, linger=None): """Close all sockets associated with this context and then terminate the context. .. warning:: destroy involves calling ``zmq_close()``, which is **NOT** threadsafe. If there are active sockets in other threads, this must not be called. Parameters ---------- linger : int, optional If specified, set LINGER on sockets prior to closing them. """ if self.closed: return sockets = self._sockets self._sockets = set() for s in sockets: s = s() if s and not s.closed: if linger is not None: s.setsockopt(LINGER, linger) s.close() self.term() @property def _socket_class(self): return Socket def socket(self, socket_type, **kwargs): """Create a Socket associated with this Context. Parameters ---------- socket_type : int The socket type, which can be any of the 0MQ socket types: REQ, REP, PUB, SUB, PAIR, DEALER, ROUTER, PULL, PUSH, etc. kwargs: will be passed to the __init__ method of the socket class. """ if self.closed: raise ZMQError(ENOTSUP) s = self._socket_class(self, socket_type, **kwargs) for opt, value in self.sockopts.items(): try: s.setsockopt(opt, value) except ZMQError: # ignore ZMQErrors, which are likely for socket options # that do not apply to a particular socket type, e.g. # SUBSCRIBE for non-SUB sockets. pass self._add_socket(s) return s def setsockopt(self, opt, value): """set default socket options for new sockets created by this Context .. versionadded:: 13.0 """ self.sockopts[opt] = value def getsockopt(self, opt): """get default socket options for new sockets created by this Context .. versionadded:: 13.0 """ return self.sockopts[opt] def _set_attr_opt(self, name, opt, value): """set default sockopts as attributes""" if name in constants.ctx_opt_names: return self.set(opt, value) else: self.sockopts[opt] = value def _get_attr_opt(self, name, opt): """get default sockopts as attributes""" if name in constants.ctx_opt_names: return self.get(opt) else: if opt not in self.sockopts: raise AttributeError(name) else: return self.sockopts[opt] def __delattr__(self, key): """delete default sockopts as attributes""" key = key.upper() try: opt = getattr(constants, key) except AttributeError: raise AttributeError("no such socket option: %s" % key) else: if opt not in self.sockopts: raise AttributeError(key) else: del self.sockopts[opt] __all__ = ['Context']