city_retrofit/exports/formats/idf.py

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"""
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Idf exports one building to idf format
SPDX - License - Identifier: LGPL - 3.0 - or -later
Copyright © 2022 Concordia CERC group
Project Coder Guille Guillermo.GutierrezMorote@concordia.ca
Code contributors: Pilar Monsalvete Alvarez de Uribarri pilar.monsalvete@concordia.ca
Soroush Samareh Abolhassani soroush.samarehabolhassani@mail.concordia.ca
"""
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import copy
import math
from pathlib import Path
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from geomeppy import IDF
import helpers.constants as cte
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from city_model_structure.attributes.schedule import Schedule
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class Idf:
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"""
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Exports city to IDF
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"""
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_THERMOSTAT = 'HVACTEMPLATE:THERMOSTAT'
_IDEAL_LOAD_AIR_SYSTEM = 'HVACTEMPLATE:ZONE:IDEALLOADSAIRSYSTEM'
_SURFACE = 'BUILDINGSURFACE:DETAILED'
_CONSTRUCTION = 'CONSTRUCTION'
_MATERIAL = 'MATERIAL'
_MATERIAL_NOMASS = 'MATERIAL:NOMASS'
_ROUGHNESS = 'MediumRough'
_HOURLY_SCHEDULE = 'SCHEDULE:DAY:HOURLY'
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_COMPACT_SCHEDULE = 'SCHEDULE:COMPACT'
_FILE_SCHEDULE = 'SCHEDULE:FILE'
_ZONE = 'ZONE'
_LIGHTS = 'LIGHTS'
_PEOPLE = 'PEOPLE'
_INFILTRATION = 'ZONEINFILTRATION:DESIGNFLOWRATE'
_BUILDING_SURFACE = 'BuildingSurfaceDetailed'
_SCHEDULE_LIMIT = 'SCHEDULETYPELIMITS'
_ON_OFF = 'On/Off'
_FRACTION = 'Fraction'
_ANY_NUMBER = 'Any Number'
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_CONTINUOUS = 'Continuous'
_DISCRETE = 'Discrete'
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_BUILDING = 'BUILDING'
_SIZING_PERIODS = 'SIZINGPERIOD:DESIGNDAY'
_LOCATION = 'SITE:LOCATION'
_WINDOW_MATERIAL_SIMPLE = 'WINDOWMATERIAL:SIMPLEGLAZINGSYSTEM'
_WINDOW = 'WINDOW'
_MATERIAL_ROOFVEGETATION = 'MATERIAL:ROOFVEGETATION'
_SIMPLE = 'Simple'
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idf_surfaces = {
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# todo: make an enum for all the surface types
cte.WALL: 'wall',
cte.GROUND: 'floor',
cte.ROOF: 'roof'
}
idf_usage = {
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# todo: make an enum for all the usage types
cte.RESIDENTIAL: 'residential_building'
}
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idf_type_limits = {
cte.ON_OFF: 'on/off',
cte.FRACTION: 'Fraction',
cte.ANY_NUMBER: 'Any Number',
cte.CONTINUOUS: 'Continuous',
cte.DISCRETE: 'Discrete'
}
idf_day_types = {
cte.MONDAY: 'Monday',
cte.TUESDAY: 'Tuesday',
cte.WEDNESDAY: 'Wednesday',
cte.THURSDAY: 'Thursday',
cte.FRIDAY: 'Friday',
cte.SATURDAY: 'Saturday',
cte.SUNDAY: 'Sunday',
cte.HOLIDAY: 'Holidays',
cte.WINTER_DESIGN_DAY: 'WinterDesignDay',
cte.SUMMER_DESIGN_DAY: 'SummerDesignDay'
}
idf_schedule_types = {
'compact': 'Compact',
cte.DAY: 'Day',
cte.WEEK: 'Week',
cte.YEAR: 'Year',
'file': 'File'
}
idf_schedule_data_type = {
'compact': 'Compact',
'hourly': 'Hourly',
'daily': 'Daily',
'interval': 'Interval',
'list': 'List',
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}
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def __init__(self, city, output_path, idf_file_path, idd_file_path, epw_file_path, export_type="Surfaces"):
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self._city = city
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self._output_path = str(output_path.resolve())
self._output_file = str((output_path / f'{city.name}.idf').resolve())
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self._export_type = export_type
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self._idd_file_path = str(idd_file_path)
self._idf_file_path = str(idf_file_path)
self._epw_file_path = str(epw_file_path)
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IDF.setiddname(self._idd_file_path)
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self._idf = IDF(self._idf_file_path, self._epw_file_path)
self._idf.newidfobject(self._SCHEDULE_LIMIT, Name=self._ANY_NUMBER)
self._idf.newidfobject(self._SCHEDULE_LIMIT, Name=self._FRACTION, Lower_Limit_Value=0.0, Upper_Limit_Value=1.0,
Numeric_Type=self._CONTINUOUS)
self._idf.newidfobject(self._SCHEDULE_LIMIT, Name=self._ON_OFF, Lower_Limit_Value=0, Upper_Limit_Value=1,
Numeric_Type=self._DISCRETE)
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self._export()
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@staticmethod
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def _matrix_to_list(points, lower_corner):
lower_x = lower_corner[0]
lower_y = lower_corner[1]
lower_z = lower_corner[2]
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points_list = []
for point in points:
point_tuple = (point[0] - lower_x, point[1] - lower_y, point[2] - lower_z)
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points_list.append(point_tuple)
return points_list
@staticmethod
def _matrix_to_2d_list(points):
points_list = []
for point in points:
point_tuple = (point[0], point[1])
points_list.append(point_tuple)
return points_list
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def _add_material(self, layer):
for material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._MATERIAL]:
if material.Name == layer.material.name:
return
for material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._MATERIAL_NOMASS]:
if material.Name == layer.material.name:
return
if layer.material.no_mass:
self._idf.newidfobject(self._MATERIAL_NOMASS,
Name=layer.material.name,
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Roughness=self._ROUGHNESS,
Thermal_Resistance=layer.material.thermal_resistance,
Thermal_Absorptance=layer.material.thermal_absorptance,
Solar_Absorptance=layer.material.solar_absorptance,
Visible_Absorptance=layer.material.visible_absorptance
)
else:
self._idf.newidfobject(self._MATERIAL,
Name=layer.material.name,
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Roughness=self._ROUGHNESS,
Thickness=layer.thickness,
Conductivity=layer.material.conductivity,
Density=layer.material.density,
Specific_Heat=layer.material.specific_heat,
Thermal_Absorptance=layer.material.thermal_absorptance,
Solar_Absorptance=layer.material.solar_absorptance,
Visible_Absorptance=layer.material.visible_absorptance
)
def _add_standard_compact_hourly_schedule(self, usage, schedule_type, schedules):
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for schedule in self._idf.idfobjects[self._COMPACT_SCHEDULE]:
if schedule.Name == f'{schedule_type} schedules {usage}':
return
_kwargs = {'Name': f'{schedule_type} schedules {usage}',
'Schedule_Type_Limits_Name': self.idf_type_limits[schedules[0].data_type],
'Field_1': 'Through: 12/31'}
counter = 1
for j, schedule in enumerate(schedules):
_val = schedule.values
_new_field = ''
for day_type in schedule.day_types:
_new_field += f' {self.idf_day_types[day_type]}'
_kwargs[f'Field_{j * 25 + 2}'] = f'For:{_new_field}'
counter += 1
for i in range(0, len(_val)):
_kwargs[f'Field_{j * 25 + 3 + i}'] = f'Until: {i + 1:02d}:00,{_val[i]}'
counter += 1
_kwargs[f'Field_{counter + 1}'] = f'For AllOtherDays'
_kwargs[f'Field_{counter + 2}'] = f'Until: 24:00,0.0'
self._idf.newidfobject(self._COMPACT_SCHEDULE, **_kwargs)
def _write_schedules_file(self, usage, schedule):
file_name = str((Path(self._output_path) / f'{schedule.type} schedules {usage}.dat').resolve())
with open(file_name, 'w') as file:
for value in schedule.values:
file.write(f'{str(value)},\n')
return file_name
def _add_file_schedule(self, usage, schedule, file_name):
_schedule = self._idf.newidfobject(self._FILE_SCHEDULE, Name=f'{schedule.type} schedules {usage}')
_schedule.Schedule_Type_Limits_Name = self.idf_type_limits[schedule.data_type]
_schedule.File_Name = file_name
_schedule.Column_Number = 1
_schedule.Rows_to_Skip_at_Top = 0
_schedule.Number_of_Hours_of_Data = 8760
_schedule.Column_Separator = 'Comma'
_schedule.Interpolate_to_Timestep = 'No'
_schedule.Minutes_per_Item = 60
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def _add_infiltration_schedules(self, thermal_zone):
_infiltration_schedules = []
for hvac_availability_schedule in thermal_zone.thermal_control.hvac_availability_schedules:
_schedule = Schedule()
_schedule.type = cte.INFILTRATION
_schedule.data_type = cte.FRACTION
_schedule.time_step = cte.HOUR
_schedule.time_range = cte.DAY
_schedule.day_types = copy.deepcopy(hvac_availability_schedule.day_types)
_infiltration_values = []
for hvac_value in hvac_availability_schedule.values:
if hvac_value == 0:
_infiltration_values.append(thermal_zone.infiltration_rate_system_off)
else:
_infiltration_values.append(thermal_zone.infiltration_rate_system_on)
_schedule.values = _infiltration_values
_infiltration_schedules.append(_schedule)
for schedule in self._idf.idfobjects[self._HOURLY_SCHEDULE]:
if schedule.Name == f'Infiltration schedules {thermal_zone.usage}':
return
return self._add_standard_compact_hourly_schedule(thermal_zone.usage, 'Infiltration', _infiltration_schedules)
def _add_people_activity_level_schedules(self, thermal_zone):
_occ = thermal_zone.occupancy
if _occ.occupancy_density == 0:
_total_heat = 0
else:
_total_heat = (_occ.sensible_convective_internal_gain + _occ.sensible_radiative_internal_gain
+ _occ.latent_internal_gain) / _occ.occupancy_density
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for schedule in self._idf.idfobjects[self._COMPACT_SCHEDULE]:
if schedule.Name == f'Activity Level schedules {thermal_zone.usage}':
return
_kwargs = {'Name': f'Activity Level schedules {thermal_zone.usage}',
'Schedule_Type_Limits_Name': self.idf_type_limits[cte.ANY_NUMBER],
'Field_1': 'Through: 12/31',
'Field_2': 'For AllDays',
'Field_3': f'Until: 24:00,{_total_heat}'}
self._idf.newidfobject(self._COMPACT_SCHEDULE, **_kwargs)
return
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def _add_schedules(self, usage, schedule_type, new_schedules):
schedule_from_file = False
for schedule in new_schedules:
if len(schedule.values) > 168: # Hours in one week
schedule_from_file = True
if schedule_from_file:
for schedule in self._idf.idfobjects[self._FILE_SCHEDULE]:
if schedule.Name == f'{schedule_type} schedules {usage}':
return
file_name = self._write_schedules_file(usage, new_schedules[0])
return self._add_file_schedule(usage, new_schedules[0], file_name)
else:
for schedule in self._idf.idfobjects[self._HOURLY_SCHEDULE]:
if schedule.Name == f'{schedule_type} schedules {usage}':
return
return self._add_standard_compact_hourly_schedule(usage, schedule_type, new_schedules)
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def _add_construction(self, thermal_boundary):
for construction in self._idf.idfobjects[self._CONSTRUCTION]:
if thermal_boundary.vegetation is not None:
if construction.Name == f'{thermal_boundary.construction_name}_{thermal_boundary.vegetation.name}':
return
else:
if construction.Name == thermal_boundary.construction_name:
return
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if thermal_boundary.layers is None:
for material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._MATERIAL]:
if material.Name == "DefaultMaterial":
return
self._idf.set_default_constructions()
return
for layer in thermal_boundary.layers:
self._add_material(layer)
layers = thermal_boundary.layers
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# The constructions should have at least one layer
if thermal_boundary.vegetation is not None:
_kwargs = {'Name': f'{thermal_boundary.construction_name}_{thermal_boundary.vegetation.name}',
'Outside_Layer': thermal_boundary.vegetation.name}
for i in range(0, len(layers) - 1):
_kwargs[f'Layer_{i + 2}'] = layers[i].material.name
else:
_kwargs = {'Name': thermal_boundary.construction_name, 'Outside_Layer': layers[0].material.name}
for i in range(1, len(layers) - 1):
_kwargs[f'Layer_{i + 1}'] = layers[i].material.name
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self._idf.newidfobject(self._CONSTRUCTION, **_kwargs)
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def _add_window_construction_and_material(self, thermal_opening):
for window_material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._WINDOW_MATERIAL_SIMPLE]:
if window_material['UFactor'] == thermal_opening.overall_u_value and \
window_material['Solar_Heat_Gain_Coefficient'] == thermal_opening.g_value:
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return
order = str(len(self._idf.idfobjects[self._WINDOW_MATERIAL_SIMPLE]) + 1)
material_name = 'glazing_' + order
_kwargs = {'Name': material_name, 'UFactor': thermal_opening.overall_u_value,
'Solar_Heat_Gain_Coefficient': thermal_opening.g_value}
self._idf.newidfobject(self._WINDOW_MATERIAL_SIMPLE, **_kwargs)
window_construction_name = 'window_construction_' + order
_kwargs = {'Name': window_construction_name, 'Outside_Layer': material_name}
self._idf.newidfobject(self._CONSTRUCTION, **_kwargs)
def _add_zone(self, thermal_zone):
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for zone in self._idf.idfobjects['ZONE']:
if zone.Name == thermal_zone.id:
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return
# todo: what do we need to define a zone in energy plus?
self._idf.newidfobject(self._ZONE, Name=thermal_zone.id, Volume=thermal_zone.volume)
self._add_heating_system(thermal_zone)
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def _add_thermostat(self, thermal_zone):
thermostat_name = f'Thermostat {thermal_zone.usage}'
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for thermostat in self._idf.idfobjects[self._THERMOSTAT]:
if thermostat.Name == thermostat_name:
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return thermostat
# todo: change schedules to schedule name and create schedules using the add_schedule function
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return self._idf.newidfobject(self._THERMOSTAT,
Name=thermostat_name,
Heating_Setpoint_Schedule_Name=f'Heating thermostat schedules {thermal_zone.usage}',
Cooling_Setpoint_Schedule_Name=f'Cooling thermostat schedules {thermal_zone.usage}')
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def _add_heating_system(self, thermal_zone):
for air_system in self._idf.idfobjects[self._IDEAL_LOAD_AIR_SYSTEM]:
if air_system.Zone_Name == thermal_zone.id:
return
thermostat = self._add_thermostat(thermal_zone)
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self._idf.newidfobject(self._IDEAL_LOAD_AIR_SYSTEM,
Zone_Name=thermal_zone.id,
System_Availability_Schedule_Name=f'HVAC AVAIL SCHEDULES {thermal_zone.usage}',
Heating_Availability_Schedule_Name=f'HVAC AVAIL SCHEDULES {thermal_zone.usage}',
Cooling_Availability_Schedule_Name=f'HVAC AVAIL SCHEDULES {thermal_zone.usage}',
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Template_Thermostat_Name=thermostat.Name)
def _add_occupancy(self, thermal_zone):
number_of_people = thermal_zone.occupancy.occupancy_density * thermal_zone.total_floor_area
fraction_radiant = thermal_zone.occupancy.sensible_radiative_internal_gain / \
(thermal_zone.occupancy.sensible_radiative_internal_gain +
thermal_zone.occupancy.sensible_convective_internal_gain)
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self._idf.newidfobject(self._PEOPLE,
Name=f'{thermal_zone.id}_occupancy',
Zone_or_ZoneList_Name=thermal_zone.id,
Number_of_People_Schedule_Name=f'Occupancy schedules {thermal_zone.usage}',
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Number_of_People_Calculation_Method="People",
Number_of_People=number_of_people,
Fraction_Radiant=fraction_radiant,
Activity_Level_Schedule_Name=f'Activity Level schedules {thermal_zone.usage}'
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)
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def _add_infiltration(self, thermal_zone):
for zone in self._idf.idfobjects["ZONE"]:
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if zone.Name == f'{thermal_zone.id}_infiltration':
return
self._idf.newidfobject(self._INFILTRATION,
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Name=f'{thermal_zone.id}_infiltration',
Zone_or_ZoneList_Name=thermal_zone.id,
Schedule_Name=f'Infiltration schedules {thermal_zone.usage}',
Design_Flow_Rate_Calculation_Method='AirChanges/Hour',
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Air_Changes_per_Hour=thermal_zone.mechanical_air_change
)
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def _rename_building(self, b):
for building in self._idf.idfobjects[self._BUILDING]:
building.Name = b.name
building['Solar_Distribution'] = 'FullExterior'
def _remove_sizing_periods(self):
while len(self._idf.idfobjects[self._SIZING_PERIODS]) > 0:
self._idf.popidfobject(self._SIZING_PERIODS, 0)
def _remove_location(self):
self._idf.popidfobject(self._LOCATION, 0)
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def _export(self):
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"""
Export the idf file into the given path
export type = "Surfaces|Block"
"""
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self._remove_location()
self._remove_sizing_periods()
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for building in self._city.buildings:
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self._rename_building(building)
for internal_zone in building.internal_zones:
for thermal_zone in internal_zone.thermal_zones:
for thermal_boundary in thermal_zone.thermal_boundaries:
self._add_construction(thermal_boundary)
if thermal_boundary.vegetation is not None:
self._add_vegetation_material(thermal_boundary.vegetation)
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for thermal_opening in thermal_boundary.thermal_openings:
self._add_window_construction_and_material(thermal_opening)
usage = thermal_zone.usage
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self._add_infiltration_schedules(thermal_zone)
self._add_schedules(usage, 'Occupancy', thermal_zone.occupancy.occupancy_schedules)
self._add_schedules(usage, 'HVAC AVAIL', thermal_zone.thermal_control.hvac_availability_schedules)
self._add_schedules(usage, 'Heating thermostat', thermal_zone.thermal_control.heating_set_point_schedules)
self._add_schedules(usage, 'Cooling thermostat', thermal_zone.thermal_control.cooling_set_point_schedules)
self._add_people_activity_level_schedules(thermal_zone)
self._add_zone(thermal_zone)
self._add_heating_system(thermal_zone)
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self._add_infiltration(thermal_zone)
self._add_occupancy(thermal_zone)
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if self._export_type == "Surfaces":
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self._add_surfaces(building)
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else:
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self._add_block(building)
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self._idf.newidfobject(
"OUTPUT:VARIABLE",
Variable_Name="Zone Ideal Loads Supply Air Total Heating Energy",
Reporting_Frequency="Hourly",
)
self._idf.newidfobject(
"OUTPUT:VARIABLE",
Variable_Name="Zone Ideal Loads Supply Air Total Cooling Energy",
Reporting_Frequency="Hourly",
)
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self._idf.match()
try:
self._idf.intersect_match()
except IndexError:
# seems to be a bug from geomeppy when surfaces cannot be intersected
pass
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self._idf.saveas(str(self._output_file))
return self._idf
def run(self):
"""
Start the energy plus simulation
"""
self._idf.run(expandobjects=False, readvars=True, output_directory=self._output_path,
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output_prefix=f'{self._city.name}_')
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def _add_block(self, building):
_points = self._matrix_to_2d_list(building.foot_print.coordinates)
self._idf.add_block(name=building.name, coordinates=_points, height=building.max_height,
num_stories=int(building.storeys_above_ground))
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for surface in self._idf.idfobjects[self._SURFACE]:
for thermal_zone in building.thermal_zones:
for boundary in thermal_zone.thermal_boundaries:
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if surface.Type == self.idf_surfaces[boundary.surface.type]:
surface.Construction_Name = boundary.construction_name
break
for usage_zone in thermal_zone.usage_zones:
surface.Zone_Name = usage_zone.id
break
break
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self._idf.intersect_match()
def _add_surfaces(self, building):
for internal_zone in building.internal_zones:
for thermal_zone in internal_zone.thermal_zones:
for boundary in thermal_zone.thermal_boundaries:
idf_surface_type = self.idf_surfaces[boundary.parent_surface.type]
outside_boundary_condition = 'Outdoors'
sun_exposure = 'SunExposed'
wind_exposure = 'WindExposed'
if boundary.parent_surface.type == cte.GROUND:
outside_boundary_condition = 'Ground'
sun_exposure = 'NoSun'
wind_exposure = 'NoWind'
if boundary.vegetation is not None:
construction_name = f'{boundary.construction_name}_{boundary.vegetation.name}'
else:
construction_name = boundary.construction_name
surface = self._idf.newidfobject(self._SURFACE, Name=f'{boundary.parent_surface.name}',
Surface_Type=idf_surface_type,
Zone_Name=thermal_zone.id,
Construction_Name=construction_name,
Outside_Boundary_Condition=outside_boundary_condition,
Sun_Exposure=sun_exposure,
Wind_Exposure=wind_exposure)
coordinates = self._matrix_to_list(boundary.parent_surface.solid_polygon.coordinates,
self._city.lower_corner)
surface.setcoords(coordinates)
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self._add_windows(boundary)
def _add_windows(self, boundary):
for opening in boundary.thermal_openings:
for construction in self._idf.idfobjects[self._CONSTRUCTION]:
if construction['Outside_Layer'].split('_')[0] == 'glazing':
window_construction = construction
if self._compare_window_constructions(window_construction, opening):
opening_name = 'window_' + str(len(self._idf.idfobjects[self._WINDOW]) + 1)
opening_length = math.sqrt(opening.area)
self._idf.newidfobject(self._WINDOW, Name=f'{opening_name}', Construction_Name=window_construction['Name'],
Building_Surface_Name=boundary.parent_surface.name, Multiplier='1',
Length=opening_length, Height=opening_length)
def _compare_window_constructions(self, window_construction, opening):
glazing = window_construction['Outside_Layer']
for material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._WINDOW_MATERIAL_SIMPLE]:
if material['Name'] == glazing:
if material['UFactor'] == opening.overall_u_value and \
material['Solar_Heat_Gain_Coefficient'] == opening.g_value:
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return True
return False
def _add_vegetation_material(self, vegetation):
for vegetation_material in self._idf.idfobjects[self._MATERIAL_ROOFVEGETATION]:
if vegetation_material.Name == vegetation.name:
return
soil = vegetation.soil
height = 0
leaf_area_index = 0
leaf_reflectivity = 0
leaf_emissivity = 0
minimal_stomatal_resistance = 0
for plant in vegetation.plants:
height += plant.percentage * plant.height
leaf_area_index += plant.percentage * plant.leaf_area_index
leaf_reflectivity += plant.percentage * plant.leaf_reflectivity
leaf_emissivity += plant.percentage * plant.leaf_emissivity
minimal_stomatal_resistance += plant.percentage * plant.minimal_stomatal_resistance
self._idf.newidfobject(self._MATERIAL_ROOFVEGETATION,
Name=vegetation.name,
Height_of_Plants=height,
Leaf_Area_Index=leaf_area_index,
Leaf_Reflectivity=leaf_reflectivity,
Leaf_Emissivity=leaf_emissivity,
Minimum_Stomatal_Resistance=minimal_stomatal_resistance,
Soil_Layer_Name=soil.name,
Roughness=soil.roughness,
Thickness=vegetation.soil_thickness,
Conductivity_of_Dry_Soil=soil.dry_conductivity,
Density_of_Dry_Soil=soil.dry_density,
Specific_Heat_of_Dry_Soil=soil.dry_specific_heat,
Thermal_Absorptance=soil.thermal_absorptance,
Solar_Absorptance=soil.solar_absorptance,
Visible_Absorptance=soil.visible_absorptance,
Saturation_Volumetric_Moisture_Content_of_the_Soil_Layer=
soil.saturation_volumetric_moisture_content,
Residual_Volumetric_Moisture_Content_of_the_Soil_Layer=
soil.residual_volumetric_moisture_content,
Initial_Volumetric_Moisture_Content_of_the_Soil_Layer=
soil.initial_volumetric_moisture_content,
Moisture_Diffusion_Calculation_Method=self._SIMPLE
)